Free-standing hybrid material of Cu/Cu2O/CuO modified by graphene with commercial Cu foil using for non-enzymatic glucose detection

Free-standing Cu/Cu2O/CuO modified by graphene was formed through two steps: Firstly, the commercial Cu foil was thermal annealed to form Cu/Cu2O/CuO; Secondly, the Cu/Cu2O/CuO was modified by graphene through electrochemical exfoliated method. The SEM, XRD, TEM and XPS have been used to characterize the morphology, the crystalline phase, and the surface composition of the hybrid electrode as-prepared. The effects of Cu and its oxides on graphene has been uncovered by the Raman results. The sensitivity of the glucose sensor in 0.1 M NaOH by using the as-prepared hybrid material reaches 3102 mu A.mM(-1).cm(-2) within a linear range of 0.002-2.88 mM, which is better than that of the Cu/graphene and the Cu/Cu2O/CuO prepared at the same conditions. The sensor also shows excellent anti-interference ability, good cycling stability and time stability. The advantage of the sensor is caused by the strengthened synergistic effects between the graphene and the Cu/Cu2O/CuO due to the alleviated detrimental effects of the metal on the property of the graphene through using oxides middle layer as well as the large active area that obtained. This work provides a new way to study the effects of graphene in improving the property of the metal oxide especially in using for glucose sensor.