Exercise and diabetes type 1 recommendations, safety

Type 1 diabetic subjects without any complications and with a good control could participate in all levels of sports activities, both recreational and professional. But, there are some limitations for subjects who have chronic side effects of diabetes. A detail pre-participation physical examination is needed to find out these complications. All diabetics should be encouraged to perform suitable exercise and sports. To prevent acute diabetic side effects of exercise, hypo and hyperglycemia, diabetic athletes may need to adjust their nutrition and insulin dosage. Depending on the characteristics of the exercise, the ambient environment and the level of blood glucose before exercise, diabetic athletes need to consume some carbohydrate before, during and after exercise. Also, if the exercise takes more than 30 minutes, insulin should be reduced by 14-50%. Every athlete on the base of scientific recommendations, should find his or her own approach in the management of nutrition and insulin adjustment and integrity of them with exercise and sport. This could be achieved by trial and error.