Prediction of Maximal Oxygen Uptake From a 3-Minute Walk Based on Gender, Age, and Body Composition

Background: The purpose was to develop new maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) prediction models using a perceptually regulated 3-minute walk test. Methods: VO2max was measured with a maximal incremental cycle test in 283 Japanese adults. A 3-minute walk test was conducted at a self-regulated intensity corresponding to ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) 13. Results: A 3-minute walk distance (3MWD) was significantly related to VO2max (r = .60, P < .001). Three prediction models were developed by multiple regression to estimate VO2max using data on gender, age, 3MWD, and either BMI [BMI model, multiple correlation coefficients (R) = .78, standard error of estimate (SEE) = 5.26 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)], waist circumference (WC model, R = .80, SEE = 5.04 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)), or body fat percentage (%Fat model, R = .84, SEE = 4.57 ml.kg(-1).min(-1)), suggesting that the %Fat model is the best model [VO2max = 37.501 + 0.463 x Gender (0 = women, 1 = men) - 0.195 x Age - 0.589 x %Fat + 0.053 x 3MWD]. Cross-validation by using the predicted residual sum of square (PRESS) procedures demonstrated a high level of cross-validity of all prediction models. Conclusions: The new VO2max prediction models are reasonably applicable to estimating VO2max in Japanese adults and represent a quick, low-risk, and convenient means for estimating VO2max in the field.