On the energy flux through a uniaxial chiral metamaterial made circular waveguide under PMC boundary

Propagation of electromagnetic waves through a circular waveguide consisting of uniaxial anisotropic chiral metamaterial is studied. The outer surface of the guide is assumed to be coated with a perfect magnetic conductor material. The characteristic eigenvalue equation corresponding to the guided modes is deduced followed by the investigation of the cut-off frequencies and the flow of energy flux considering three different kinds of uniaxial chiral metamaterials. The propagation of negative energy flux through the metamaterial medium is found, which leads toward the phenomenon of backward waves in uniaxial anisotropic chiral mediums. This feature is found to be greatly dependent on the type of the chiral material used in the waveguide medium.