Optimal allocation of BESS and MT in a microgrid

This study presents a two-stage planning framework of the battery energy storage system (BESS) and micro-turbine (MT) in a microgrid. In the first stage, the optimal allocation decisions are made before the actual realisation of the operational uncertainties. In the second stage, the optimal operation strategies are made for the microgrid by minimising the costs paid to the main grid, fuel cells, MTs, BESSs and controllable loads (CLs). The hot water system and interruptible load are considered as CLs. Their mathematical models are built to investigate their roles in smoothing renewable energy. In addition, efforts are made to keep the linearity of the formulated optimisation problem, and the backward scenario reduction method is adopted to further enhance the computational efficiency. The modified IEEE 33-bus radial system is used as a microgrid to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach for both islanded and grid-connected microgrids. Sensitivity analysis has been conducted to compare the economics and robustness of the identified solutions.