Parametrization of momentum transport by convection .2. Tests in single-column and general circulation models

Diagnostics derived from cloud-resolving-model simulations in part I of this study, relating to the vertical transport of horizontal momentum by convection, are used to develop a parametrization of convective momentum-transports for deep convection based upon the mass-flux convection-scheme discussed by Gregory and Rowntree. The importance of cloud pressure-gradients to the flow within the cloud is emphasised, and a simple method of representing their effect is suggested. The scheme is able to reproduce the fluxes derived from the cloud-resolving model studies where cloud organization by the flow is unimportant. Inclusion of the parametrization in a version of the Meteorological Office Unified Model demonstrates that convective momentum-transports play a large role in the momentum balance of the atmosphere. Generally, simulation of the mean atmospheric circulation by the Unified Model is improved by the inclusion of such transports.