Daphnetin Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice via Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway

Growing evidences indicate that immune-mediated mechanisms contribute to the development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Daphnetin (DAP) is a coumarin derivative extracted from Daphne odora var., which displays anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of DAP on cerebral I/R injury is not yet clear. Recent studies have demonstrated that TLR4/NF kappa B signaling pathway takes part in the damaging inflammatory process of cerebral I/R injury. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of DAP on cerebral I/R injury in vivo and its possible mechanisms. DAP was administered before middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in mice. The neurological scores, cerebral infarct sizes, the levels of inflammatory cytokines, apoptotic neural cells, and the levels of TLR4, NF-kappa B p65, and I kappa B alpha were estimated. The results showed that an obvious improvement of neurological scores and infarct sizes was observed in DAP-treated mice afterMCAO/R. DAP treatment decreased the overexpression of TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-6 and attenuated neural cells apoptosis. Moreover, DAP treatment decreased the TLR4 expression, I kappa B-alpha degradation, and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. Taken together, our results suggested that DAP exerted neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on cerebral I/R injury. The potential mechanism was involved in the inhibition of TLR4/NF-kappa B mediated inflammatory signaling pathway.