QUALITY MODELING OF DRINKING GROUNDWATER USING GIS IN URBAN COMMUNITIES OF PAKPATTAN, PAKISTAN

Water is driving force of all nature but constant deterioration of water quality here in Pakistan is predicting unprecedented impacts country might have to face, as water quality is declining by every passing day. For the very first time quality modelling of drinking groundwater was done in one of the most health hazards stricken district of Pakistan i.e., Pakpattan. For the purpose 20 samples from random water outlets were collected and to gauge the quality of water, water Quality Index (WQI)was calculated along with the application of GIS and IDW technique in order to create a 3D raster maps regarding 11 predefined parameters. The overall findings projected that all the selected parameters were aligned with the safe range defined by WHO standards except for the Cadmium, Lead and Electrical Conductivity. As per Water Quality Index more than 40% of the samples were not found safe for drinking purpose. The results revealed that water quality of Pakpattan is just below being satisfactory but with the occurrence of increment in gradual and consistent addition of contamination due to several unwatched anthropogenic activities situation is not far away from being acclaimed detrimental.