Integration of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) in the public sector: drivers, barriers and future research agenda

Purpose With the development of information technology (IT), governments around the globe are using state-of-the-art IT interfaces to implement the so-called 3E's in public service delivery, that is, economy, efficiency and effectiveness. Two of these IT interfaces relate to Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT). While AI focuses on providing a "human" garb for computing devices, thereby making them "intelligent" devices, IoT relies on interfaces between sensors and the environment to make "intelligent" decisions. Recently, the convergence of AI and IoT - also referred to as Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) - is seen as a real opportunity to refurbish the public service delivery formats. However, there is limited understanding as to how AIoT could contribute to the improvisation of public service delivery. This study aims to create a modular framework for AIoT in addition to highlighting the drivers and barriers for its integration in the public sector. Design/methodology/approach This descriptive-explanatory study takes a qualitative approach. It entails a thorough examination of the drivers and barriers of integrating AI and IoT in the public sector. A review of literature has led to the development of a conceptual framework outlining the various factors that contribute to creating public value. Findings Value creation occurs when AI and IoT coalesce in the public service delivery mechanisms. Originality/value AIoT is a cutting-edge technology revolutionizing health care, agriculture, infrastructure and all other industrial domains. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge on the public sector's use of AI and IoT. Understanding these disruptive technologies is critical to formulating policies and regulations that can maximize the potential benefits for the public-sector organizations.