Focal beam resolution analysis of wide-band, wide-azimuth and high-density land 3D seismic acquisition geometries

Recent years, the wide-band, wide-azimuth and high-density 3D seismic acquisition technology not only has greatly improved the capability of land seismic exploration, and the accuracy of the complex reservoir identification, but also puts forward higher requirements for the seismic acquisition geometries design to improve the imaging quality while reducing its acquisition cost. However, it is difficult to select the optimal acquisition parameters for a given geological and geophysical condition, cost estimation and equipment level. Based on this, we first review the basic principle of fast multi-frequency focal beams theory, and then present a new quantitative analysis method and process of the imaging resolution and sharpness in a complex medium to select the optimal acquisition scheme from lots of alternatives. Based on a complex velocity model, we take a real land 3D seismic acquisition scheme as an example to study the effects of some key acquisition parameters on the imaging resolution and sharpness, and find their numerical limit. We also draw crossplots of the acquisition parameters and the frequency parameters, which could provide some new ideas for the acquisition geometries designing for the deep-layer seismic imaging with low peak frequency and limited frequency band.