Managing Information Security Risk Using Integrated Governance Risk and Compliance

This paper aims to demonstrate the building blocks of an IT Governance Risk and Compliance (IT GRC) model as well the phased stages of the optimal integration of IT GRC frameworks, standards and model through a longitudinal study. A qualitative longitudinal single case study methodology through multiple open-ended interviews were conducted over a period of four years (July 2012 to November 2015) in a retail financial institution. Our empirical study contributes to both academic research and practice in IT GRC. First, we identified the various building blocks of IT GRC domain from vertical as well as horizontal perspectives. Second, we methodologically demonstrated the gradual metamorphosis of the evolution of an IT GRC from a single ITG framework to multiple IT GRC building blocks. The journey thus throws light on the gradual staged process of attaining maturity in IT GRC by an organization. The resultant IT GRC model thus, guides managerial actions towards a better understanding of the positioning of IT GRC building blocks in an organization through the understanding of the interaction of vertical and horizontal domains. The results of the paper thus enable practitioners and academics to better understand and evaluate IT GRC implementation for effective governance, reduce risk and ensure compliance in organizations.