A numerical analysis of drop impact on solid surfaces by using smoothed particle hydrodynamics method

In this paper, we present a numerical simulation of a single liquid drop impacting onto solid surface with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). SPH is a Lagrangian, meshfree particle method, and it is attractive in dealing with free surfaces, moving interfaces and deformable boundaries. The SPH model includes an improved approximation scheme with corrections to kernel gradient and density to improve computational accuracy. Riemann solver is adopted to solve equations of fluid motion. An new inter-particle interaction force is used for modeling the surface tension effects, and the modified SPH method is used to investigate liquid drop impacting onto solid surfaces. It is demonstrated that the inter-particle interaction force can effectively simulate the effect of surface tension. It can well describe the dynamic process of morphology evolution and the pressure field evolution with accurate and stable results. The spread factor increases with the increase of the initial Weber number. The numerical results are in good agreement with the theoretical and experimental results in the literature.