In Gleele-3500 thermal simulation test machine, conduct thermal simulation experiment for high niobium X80 grade pipeline steel at different deformation temperature, deformation extent and coiling temperature. Analysis the microstructure was influenced by different rolling process. According to the thermal simulation experiments, designed test scheme of controlled rolling and controlled cooling and completed the trial. The results showed that: For high niobium X80 grade pipeline steel, the microstructures are acicular ferrite and have good mechanical properties. The low temperature impact toughness are more than 300J in -20 degrees C and -40 degrees C.