STUDY THE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Introduction: Antibiotics suppress the growth of or kill another microorganism at very low concentrations. Therefore this is the one of the supreme invention need of this era. Most bacteria are becoming resistant to various antibiotics, make a limitation for treating minor and major infectious. Hence, determining the resistance patterns in the geographical area will help in choosing and use of the effectiveness of antibiotics. Methods: It is a prospective observational study carried out in 167 patients in an inpatient Department of Surgery and Medicine between October 2017- April 2018. The enrolled patient data was collected in data collection form and subjected to descriptive statistics. Results: Among 167 observed cases 71.8% was male, and 28.2% was female. The majority of the patient was at the age group of 61-70 years (28.1%). E. coli 27.5% is the most commonly found organism followed by Klebsiella species 16%, E. coli with ESBL producer 8%. Amoxiclav 44.3% was found as the most resistant antibiotic followed by Ampicillin 43.1%, Cefotaxime 37.7%, Ceftazidime 31.1%, Ciprofloxacin 31.1%, Amikacin 28.7%, Ofloxacin 25.7%, Levofloxacin 22.8%, Ceftriaxone 22.9%, Cefepime 21.6%. In surgery department the most commonly used antibiotic is Metronidazole 39.08%, followed by Amikacin 31.03%, and the medicine department the most commonly used antibiotic is Ceftriaxone 50% followed by Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 31.25%. 41.91% recommendations suggested by the pharmacist about the usage of antibiotic was accepted by physician and patient. The antibiotic utilization cost was found higher for Meropenem (5380 +/- 3043.38). Conclusion: This study showed that E. coli was found as the most commonly found organism. Amoxiclav is the most resistant antibiotic and among all the antibiotics Metronidazole is the most commonly used antibiotic in the Surgery Department and Ceftriaxone is the most commonly used antibiotic in the medicine department. For better use of antibiotics, a culture sensitivity test should be done for each patient and formulate the prescription as per the report by considering other suitable guidelines.