Electrochemical detection and quantification of Reactive Red 195 dyes on graphene modified glassy carbon electrode

Reactive Red 195 was detected from industrial waste samples electrochemically on graphene modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE), using both bare and surface changed GCE at different pH media from 1.0 to 13.0. The optimum pH was determined to be 4.0. RR 195 exhibited good linear responds at pH 4.0 on both electrode surfaces. Other parameters, such as accumulation potential, accumulation time, initial scan potential, pulse height, pulse width, and potential scan increment and scan rate are optimized and calibration plot was also derived on different concentrations of the dye. The stripping voltammetric behavior of dye exhibits very low limit of detection on graphene coated electrode (30 ppb). The adsorption of compound on GCE and graphene coated GCE are confirmed using atomic force microscopy studies.