Host genome integration and giant virus-induced reactivation of the virophage mavirus

被引:101
作者
Fischer, Matthias G. [1 ]
Hackl, Thomas [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Max Planck Inst Med Res, Dept Biomol Mech, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
[2] MIT, 15 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
关键词
DNA VIRUSES; TRANSPOSONS; EUKARYOTES; PROVIROPHAGES; ASSEMBLIES; PARTICLES; EVOLUTION; MIMIVIRUS; BROWSER; VIRION;
D O I
10.1038/nature20593
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Endogenous viral elements are increasingly found in eukaryotic genomes(1), yet little is known about their origins, dynamics, or function. Here we provide a compelling example of a DNA virus that readily integrates into a eukaryotic genome where it acts as an inducible antiviral defence system. We found that the virophage mavirus(2), a parasite of the giant Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV)(3), integrates at multiple sites within the nuclear genome of the marine protozoan Cafeteria roenbergensis(4). The endogenous mavirus is structurally and genetically similar to eukaryotic DNA transposons and endogenous viruses of the Maverick/Polinton family(5-7). Provirophage genes are not constitutively expressed, but are specifically activated by superinfection with CroV, which induces the production of infectious mavirus particles. Virophages can inhibit the replication of mimivirus-like giant viruses and an anti-viral protective effect of provirophages on their hosts has been hypothesized(2,8). We find that provirophage-carrying cells are not directly protected from CroV; however, lysis of these cells releases infectious mavirus particles that are then able to suppress CroV replication and enhance host survival during subsequent rounds of infection. The microbial host-parasite interaction described here involves an altruistic aspect and suggests that giant-virus-induced activation of provirophages might be ecologically relevant in natural protist populations.
引用
收藏
页码:288 / +
页数:16
相关论文
共 35 条
[1]   Endogenous viruses: Connecting recent and ancient viral evolution [J].
Aiewsakun, Pakorn ;
Katzourakis, Aris .
VIROLOGY, 2015, 479 :26-37
[2]   BASIC LOCAL ALIGNMENT SEARCH TOOL [J].
ALTSCHUL, SF ;
GISH, W ;
MILLER, W ;
MYERS, EW ;
LIPMAN, DJ .
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, 1990, 215 (03) :403-410
[3]   SPAdes: A New Genome Assembly Algorithm and Its Applications to Single-Cell Sequencing [J].
Bankevich, Anton ;
Nurk, Sergey ;
Antipov, Dmitry ;
Gurevich, Alexey A. ;
Dvorkin, Mikhail ;
Kulikov, Alexander S. ;
Lesin, Valery M. ;
Nikolenko, Sergey I. ;
Son Pham ;
Prjibelski, Andrey D. ;
Pyshkin, Alexey V. ;
Sirotkin, Alexander V. ;
Vyahhi, Nikolay ;
Tesler, Glenn ;
Alekseyev, Max A. ;
Pevzner, Pavel A. .
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY, 2012, 19 (05) :455-477
[4]   Provirophages in the Bigelowiella genome bear testimony to past encounters with giant viruses [J].
Blanc, Guillaume ;
Gallot-Lavallee, Lucie ;
Maumus, Florian .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2015, 112 (38) :E5318-E5326
[5]   Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data [J].
Bolger, Anthony M. ;
Lohse, Marc ;
Usadel, Bjoern .
BIOINFORMATICS, 2014, 30 (15) :2114-2120
[6]  
Campbell Michael S, 2014, Curr Protoc Bioinformatics, V48, DOI 10.1002/0471250953.bi0411s48
[7]   Provirophages and transpovirons as the diverse mobilome of giant viruses [J].
Desnues, Christelle ;
La Scola, Bernard ;
Yutin, Natalya ;
Fournous, Ghislain ;
Robert, Catherine ;
Azza, Said ;
Jardot, Priscilla ;
Monteil, Sonia ;
Campocasso, Angelique ;
Koonin, Eugene V. ;
Raoult, Didier .
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2012, 109 (44) :18078-18083
[8]  
FENCHEL T, 1988, Marine Microbial Food Webs, V3, P9
[9]   The virion of Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV) contains a complex suite of proteins for transcription and DNA repair [J].
Fischer, Matthias G. ;
Kelly, Isabelle ;
Foster, Leonard J. ;
Suttle, Curtis A. .
VIROLOGY, 2014, 466 :82-94
[10]   A Virophage at the Origin of Large DNA Transposons [J].
Fischer, Matthias G. ;
Suttle, Curtis A. .
SCIENCE, 2011, 332 (6026) :231-234