Caffeine is the most frequently consumed substance with centrally stimulating effects. It is contained in many soft drinks, but also active ingredient in several drugs. Caffeine concentrations in plasma above 15 mg/l can cause toxic symptoms while values above 80 mg/l are considered to be comatose-fatal. Publications about fatal caffeine overdose are relatively rare. We were able to detect fatal caffeine intoxications twice during the last year in toxicological analyses. The caffeine concentrations in femoral blood were 220 and 190 mg/l respectively. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.