Evaluation of pluronic nanosuspensions loading a novel insoluble anticancer drug both in vitro and in vivo

To improve the solubility, stability and the antitumor activity of a novel anticancer drug, 3-(4-bromopheny l)-2-(ethyl-sulfonyl)-6-methylquinoxaline1,4-dioxide (Q39), a poloxamer nanosuspension was developed by precipitation combined with high pressure homogenization in present study. In vitro characterizations of Q39 nanosuspension (Q39/NS), including particle size, polydispersity index (PI), morphology, crystalline, saturation solubility, stability and releases were evaluated. BABL/c nude mice bearing HepG2 cells were used as in vivo tumor models to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of Q39/NS after intravenous administration. The particle size and PI for Poloxamer188 nanosuspension (P188/NS) were (304 +/- 3) nm, and (0.123 +/- 0.005) respectively, and it was (307 +/- 5) nm and (0.120 +/- 0.007) for Poloxamer85 nanosuspension (P85/NS) correspondingly. The morphology of P188/NS was spherical shape while elliptoid shape for P85/NS. The crystalline of Q39/NS did not change as shown by the X-ray diffraction analysis. The stability of Q39/NS improved compared with the solution. The solubility of Q39 in P188/NS was 7.3 times higher than the original solubility, while it was 6 times for P85/NS. Sustained release as shown from the in vitro release test, together with the tumor-targeting as shown from in vivo NS distribution, may contribute to the enhanced in vivo antitumor activity of Q39/NS. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.