The thermomechanical processing of alpha/beta titanium alloys

In this article, the thermomechanical processing of ingot-metallurgy alpha/beta titanium alloys is summarized, with special emphasis on microstructure evolution and workability considerations. Primary hot working dealing with the conversion of ingot structures to fine-equiaxed wrought structures is addressed. In this regard, the breakdown of lamellar microstructures, the occurrence of cavitation/wedge cracking, and the development of crystallographic texture are described. Secondary processes such as sheet rolling, superplastic forming, and closed-die forging are also reviewed.