Expression analysis of glyoxalase I gene among patients of diabetic retinopathy

Objectives: To study expression of glyoxalase I in patients of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at Centre for Research in Experimental and Applied Medicine (CREAM), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi in collaboration with Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO) from January 2015 to November 2015. Sampling technique was non-probability purposive sampling. Total 60 subjects were enrolled in two groups. Group-I comprised 30 patients of diabetic retinopathy and Group-II of 30 normal healthy controls. Clinical and demographic data was collected and fasting venous blood samples (2 ml) were drawn. RNA was extracted and subjected to cDNA synthesis. Expression analysis for glyoxalase I was carried out and relative quantification done by double delta Ct method. Results: Mean age of the patients was 61.30 +/- 7.06 years and mean age of controls was 59.60 +/- 6.43 years. There were 17 (56.7%) males and 13 (43.3%) females in Group-I while Group-II comprised 14 (46.7%) males and 16 (53.3%) females. There was down regulation of glyoxalase I among patients of diabetic retinopathy in comparison with controls when relative gene expression was calculated. Conclusion: Down regulation of glyoxalase I in patients of diabetic retinopathy suggests it to be a contributory factor in the development of disease.