Dynamics and functions of lipid droplets

被引:1823
作者
Olzmann, James A. [1 ]
Carvalho, Pedro [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
[2] Univ Oxford, Sir William Dunn Sch Pathol, Oxford, England
基金
英国惠康基金; 英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会; 美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE; CHAPERONE-MEDIATED AUTOPHAGY; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; FAT STORAGE; ER STRESS; COENZYME-A; PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE SYNTHESIS; TRIACYLGLYCEROL-METABOLISM; TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN-2; CONFERS SUSCEPTIBILITY;
D O I
10.1038/s41580-018-0085-z
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
Lipid droplets are storage organelles at the centre of lipid and energy homeostasis. They have a unique architecture consisting of a hydrophobic core of neutral lipids, which is enclosed by a phospholipid monolayer that is decorated by a specific set of proteins. Originating from the endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets can associate with most other cellular organelles through membrane contact sites. It is becoming apparent that these contacts between lipid droplets and other organelles are highly dynamic and coupled to the cycles of lipid droplet expansion and shrinkage. Importantly, lipid droplet biogenesis and degradation, as well as their interactions with other organelles, are tightly coupled to cellular metabolism and are critical to buffer the levels of toxic lipid species. Thus, lipid droplets facilitate the coordination and communication between different organelles and act as vital hubs of cellular metabolism.
引用
收藏
页码:137 / 155
页数:19
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