Bulk and conductive mode investigations of Pb free PTCR ceramics with high switch temperature

被引：4
作者：
Zubair, Mohammad A. [1 ,2 ]
Takeda, Hiroaki [1 ]
Leach, Colin [2 ]
Freer, Robert [2 ]
Hoshina, Takuya [1 ]
Tsurumi, Takaaki [1 ]
机构：
[1] Tokyo Inst Technol, Grad Sch Sci & Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528552, Japan
[2] Univ Manchester, Sch Mat, Ctr Mat Sci, Manchester M1 7HS, Lancs, England
来源：
JOURNAL OF THE CERAMIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN | 2013年 / 121卷 / 1411期
基金：
英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词：
Lead free; Thermistor; Conductive mode; Barium titanate; Grain boundary; DOPED BARIUM-TITANATE; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; RESISTIVITY; COEFFICIENT;
D O I：
10.2109/jcersj2.121.268
中图分类号：
TQ174 [陶瓷工业]; TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号：
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要：
Lead free positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) thermistors with switching temperature T-S of 155 degrees C were synthesized from 0.95BaTiO(3)-0.05(Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3 solid solution for high temperature applications, utilizing the conventional ceramic fabrication technique, which involved sintering ceramics in N-2 flow followed by air annealing. Addition of sintering aid AST (Al2O3:SiO2:TiO2 with 4:9:3 molar ratio) and Mn improved the bulk PTCR response. Impedance spectroscopy analysis confirmed the bulk T-S and revealed a third ferroelectric resistance-capacitance (RC) element along with a semiconducting grain and PTCR active ferroelectric grain boundary. The investigation of local electrical activity adopting hot-stage conductive mode microscopy revealed the existence of type-I grain boundary-electron beam induced current (GB-EBIC) contrast pertinent to the presence of negatively charged interfaces neighbored with compensating positive space-charge layers typical of double Schottky barrier within the Pb free PTCR system. (C)2013 The Ceramic Society of Japan. All rights reserved.
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页码：268 / 272
页数：5
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