Is having any prenatal care associated with lower infant mortality in West Africa? Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys

Although developing countries may find it difficult to provide adequate prenatal care, it is likely that they can provide at least some. We examined associations of prenatal care with infant mortality in West Africa. We used data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (n = 57,322) and proportional hazards regression models to estimate the risk of infant mortality. Having any prenatal care was associated with lower infant mortality risk in all but the poorest wealth quintile, with 56% lower risk in the wealthiest quintile (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.69). Even limited prenatal care may significantly reduce infant mortality in developing countries.