Splashing mechanism in combined blowing

In combined BOF blowing, lance parameters and the combination of bottom or side wall tuyeres have an influence on splashing behaviour. The aim of this study was to clarify the interaction of the lance jet cavity with the bottom blowing plume and the side wall blowing jet and to determine its effects on splashing. According to the water model tests, three basic axioms existed in the combined blowing. First, when the bottom tuyere (or side wall tuyere) was located exactly beneath the lance jet, the lowered cavity turned the direction of splashes to lower trajectories. Second, the total amount of splashing was constant and the splashing peak was generated on the wall above the bottom plume. Third, both the plume and the side wall jet formed a so called protected zone beyond it. The model experiments showed clearly that the combination of bottom tuyeres and interaction of cavities and plumes play a very important role in splash generation in real converters.