Monitoring of total metal concentration in sludge samples: Case study for the mechanical-biological wastewater treatment plant in Velika Gorica, Croatia

被引:18
作者
Filipovic, Josip [1 ]
Grcic, Ivana [2 ]
Bermanec, Vladimir [3 ]
Kniewald, Goran [4 ]
机构
[1] Town Off Phys Planning & Environm Protect, Velika Gorica 10410, Croatia
[2] Univ Zagreb, Fac Chem Engn & Technol, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
[3] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Inst Mineral & Petr, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
[4] Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Div Marine & Environm Res, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
关键词
Municipal wastewater; Mechanical-biological treatment; Sewage sludge; Heavy metals; Monitoring; SEWAGE SLUDGES; HEAVY-METALS; ZN; CD; CU; PB; SPECIATION; MUNICIPAL; CHINA; NI;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.078
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
In this paper, monitoring of total metal concentration in sludge samples from wastewater treatment process is elaborated. The presented results summarize the analyses of sludge samples in a period from 2008 to 2012. Possible sources of pollutions are given. Primarily, waste solid samples were collected from different pretreatment steps: (A) coarse grid, (B) fine grid and (C) aerated sand grease grid. Samples of A and B followed a repeatable pattern in 2008 and 2010. According to the results from 2008, samples of C contained measurable concentration of the following metals (mg/kg dry matter): Zn (21), Ni (1.05) and Ba (14.9). Several types of sludge samples were analyzed: fresh raw sludge (PS; 6-12 hour old), the sludge from the digester for anaerobic sludge treatment (DS; 48-72 hour old), samples from lagoons where the sludge is temporarily deposited (DOS and DOSold; 30-120 days) and sludge samples from agricultural areas (AA; aged over 180 days). Additionally, samples of dehydrated sludge (DEHS and DEHSold; 90-180 days) were collected upon construction of equipment for sludge dehydration in 2011. An analysis of total metal concentrations for Cu, Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Hg, Cd, Ba, As, Se, Sb, Co, Mo, Fe and Mn was performed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The most recent results (year 2011) indicated a high concentration of heavy metals in PS samples, exceeding the MCLs (mg/kg dry matter): Cu (2122), Zn (5945), Hg (13.67) and Cd (629). In 2012 (until July), only a concentration of Cu exceeded MCL (928.75 and 1230.5 in DS and DEHS, respectively). A composition of sludge was variable through time, offering the limited possibility for future prediction. The sludge is being considered as a hazardous waste and a subject of discussion regarding disposal. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:17 / 24
页数:8
相关论文
共 36 条
[1]  
ADEME, 1995, MET MICR SEW SLUDG U
[2]  
Alloway SJ, 1991, SCI TOTAL ENVIRON, V100, P151
[3]  
[Anonymous], 1993, 99651993 ISO
[4]  
[Anonymous], 2009, 118852009 BS EN ISO
[5]  
[Anonymous], 2005, 128802005 HRN EN CRO
[6]  
[Anonymous], 2000, 133462000 BS EN ISO
[7]  
[Anonymous], 1996, 119691996 ISO
[8]  
[Anonymous], 1996, 155862003 ISO
[9]  
[Anonymous], 1996, 82881996 HRN ISO CRO
[10]  
[Anonymous], 2010, Statement on the Modernisation Agenda for Higher Education, P1