Chemical composition, antioxidant, antihemolytic and anti-inflammatory activities of Ononis mitissima L.

A new tris nor lanostene-type triterpenoid 25,26,27-trisnor-3 alpha-hydroxy-lanost-7(8)-en-24-oic acid and a new isoflavone, formononetin-7-O-[6 ''-O-((S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, in addition to twelve known compounds, were isolated from the ethyl acetate and n-butanolic extracts of Ononis mitissima L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, mass spectrometry and comparison with literature data. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were estimated. Furthermore, the antihemolytic and anti-inflammatory activities of the crude extracts (petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n -bu- tanol) were evaluated, as well as their antioxidant activity. The tested extracts displayed antioxidant activity on different methods including DPPH free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, ferric thiocyanate assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging capacity and total antioxidant activity by phosphomolybdate assay. All extracts showed a moderate anti-inflammatory activity at the concentration of 500 mu g/mL. The strongest antihemolytic activity was observed with the EtOAc extract.