Sex expression, female frequency, and reproductive output in a gynodioecious clonal herb, Glechoma longituba (Lamiaceae)

被引:15
作者
Zhang, Yan-Wen [1 ]
Wang, Yong [2 ]
Yu, Qian [3 ]
Zhao, Ji-Min [1 ]
机构
[1] Changchun Normal Univ, Changchun 130032, Peoples R China
[2] Shaanxi Univ Technol, Hanzhong 723001, Peoples R China
[3] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China
关键词
Glechoma longituba; Gynodioecious; Sex expression; Sex morph;
D O I
10.1007/s11258-008-9430-1
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
We investigated the sex morphs and frequency of females in 24 natural populations of the clonal, gynodioecious species Glechoma longituba. In addition to the presence of hermaphrodites and females, there were some individuals with intermediate sex expression that could not be categorized as either morph. The majority of populations contained a predominance of hermaphrodites, although female frequency varied from 0 to 100%. The sexual expression of individual ramets did not change over three consecutive years or when ramets were transplanted to different populations, but it did change over the course of a flowering season. Seeds from females weighed more than those from hermaphrodites. The seed set of hermaphrodites was relatively constant across populations; the seed set of females was higher than that of hermaphrodites in most populations, but lower in populations in which females occurred at a very high frequency because of pollen limitation. This led to a negative correlation being detected between the seed set of females and the frequency of females in a population. We postulated that the adjustment of sex expression within seasons could be an adaptive mechanism of reproductive assurance in this system.
引用
收藏
页码:255 / 264
页数:10
相关论文
共 46 条
[1]   GENDER VARIATION AND SEXUAL DIFFERENCES IN REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERS AND SEED PRODUCTION IN GYNODIOECIOUS GERANIUM MACULATUM [J].
AGREN, J ;
WILLSON, MF .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 1991, 78 (04) :470-480
[2]   VARIATION IN FLORAL SEX ALLOCATION WITH TIME OF SEASON AND CURRENCY [J].
ASHMAN, TL ;
BAKER, I .
ECOLOGY, 1992, 73 (04) :1237-1243
[3]  
Ashman TL, 1999, J EVOLUTION BIOL, V12, P648, DOI 10.1046/j.1420-9101.1999.00059.x
[4]   Dissecting the causes of variation in intra-inflorescence allocation in a sexually polymorphic species, Fragaria virginiana (Rosaceae) [J].
Ashman, TL ;
Hitchens, MS .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2000, 87 (02) :197-204
[5]   Size-dependent sex allocation in a gynodioecious wild strawberry: The effects of sex morph and inflorescence architecture [J].
Ashman, TL ;
Pacyna, J ;
Diefenderfer, C ;
Leftwich, T .
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES, 2001, 162 (02) :327-334
[6]   Female frequency and relative fitness of females and hermaphrodites in gynodioecious Geranium sylvaticum (Geraniaceae) [J].
Asikainen, E ;
Mutikainen, P .
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY, 2003, 90 (02) :226-234
[7]   Gender modification and resource allocation in subdioecious Wurmbea dioica (Colchicaceae) [J].
Barrett, SCH ;
Case, AL ;
Peters, GB .
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, 1999, 87 (01) :123-137
[8]   GENDER VARIATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF DIOECY IN WURMBEA-DIOICA (LILIACEAE) [J].
BARRETT, SCH .
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, 1992, 5 (03) :423-444
[9]   MODEL FOR EVOLUTION OF DIOECY AND GYNODIOECY [J].
CHARLESWORTH, B ;
CHARLESWORTH, D .
AMERICAN NATURALIST, 1978, 112 (988) :975-997
[10]   A FURTHER STUDY OF THE PROBLEM OF THE MAINTENANCE OF FEMALES IN GYNODIOECIOUS SPECIES [J].
CHARLESWORTH, D .
HEREDITY, 1981, 46 (FEB) :27-39