Removal of caffeine from aqueous solution by green approach using Ficus Benjamina zero-valent iron/copper nanoparticles

Green synthesis approach was successful used extract was successful in preparing bimetallic zero-valent Iron/Copper nanoparticles [FB-nZVFe/Cu]. Scanning Electron Microscope [SEM], Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy [FTIR], and Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy [EDX] showing the synthesizing of FB-nZVFe/Cu. The removal efficiency of Caffeine [5 mg L-1] reached 86% under the conditions [0.2 g L-1, 45 min, and pH 5]. The adsorption data are more appropriate by the Langmuir model [R-2 = 0.9987] with q(max) = 34.34 mg g(-1). Kinetic results showed that Caffeine uptake is following pseudo-second-order. Langmuir and pseudo-second-order are more appropriate in linear and non-linear models. Overall, FB-Fe/Cu is a committed green substance for removal Caffeine from aqueous solutions. Functional parameters affect investigated using the Linear regression analysis, we found them to account for over 98% of the variables affecting the removal procedure.