Assessment of climate change effects on mountain ecosystems through a cross-site analysis in the Alps and Apennines

被引：186

作者：

Rogora, M. ^{[1
]}

Frate, L. ^{[2
]}

Carranza, M. L. ^{[2
]}

Freppaz, M. ^{[3
]}

Stanisci, A. ^{[2
]}

Bertani, I ^{[4
]}

Bottarin, R. ^{[5
]}

Brambilla, A. ^{[6
,7
]}

Canullo, R. ^{[8
]}

Carbognani, M. ^{[9
]}

Cerrato, C. ^{[6
]}

Chelli, S. ^{[8
]}

Cremonese, E. ^{[10
]}

Cutini, M. ^{[11
]}

Di Musciano, M. ^{[12
]}

Erschbamer, B. ^{[13
]}

Godone, D. ^{[14
]}

Iocchi, M. ^{[11
]}

Isabellon, M. ^{[10
,15
]}

Magnani, A. ^{[15
]}

Mazzola, L. ^{[16
]}

di Cella, Morra U. ^{[10
]}

Pauli, H. ^{[17
,18
]}

Petey, M. ^{[10
]}

Petriccione, B. ^{[19
]}

Porro, F. ^{[20
]}

Psenner, R. ^{[5
,21
]}

Rossetti, G. ^{[22
]}

Scotti, A. ^{[5
]}

Sommaruga, R. ^{[21
]}

Tappeiner, U. ^{[5
]}

Theurillat, J. -P ^{[23
,24
]}

Tomaselli, M. ^{[9
]}

Viglietti, D. ^{[3
]}

Viterbi, R. ^{[6
]}

Vittoz, P. ^{[25
]}

Winkler, M. ^{[17
,18
]}

Matteucci, G. ^{[26
]}

机构：

[1] CNR, Inst Ecosyst Study, Verbania, Italy

[2] Univ Molise, Envix Lab, DIBT, Pesche, IS, Italy

[3] Univ Turin, NatRisk, DISAFA, Grugliasco, TO, Italy

[4] Univ Michigan, Graham Sustainabil Inst, 625 E Liberty St, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA

[5] Eurac Res, Inst Alpine Environm, Bolzano, BZ, Italy

[6] Gran Paradiso Natl Pk, Alpine Wildlife Res Ctr, Degioz AO 11, Valsavarenche, Italy

[7] Univ Zurich, Dept Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland

[8] Univ Camerino, Sch Biosci & Vet Med, Plant Divers & Ecosyst Management Unit, Camerino, MC, Italy

[9] Univ Parma, Dept Chem Life Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Parma, Italy

[10] Environm Protect Agcy Aosta Valley, ARPA VdA, Climate Change Unit, Aosta, Italy

[11] Univ Roma Tre, Dept Sci, Viale G Marconi 446, I-00146 Rome, Italy

[12] Univ Aquila, Dept Life Hlth & Environm Sci, Via Vetoio, I-67100 Laquila, Italy

[13] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Bot, Sternwartestr 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

[14] CNR IRPI Geohazard Monitoring Grp, Str Cacce 73, I-10135 Turin, Italy

[15] Univ Turin, DISAFA, Grugliasco, TO, Italy

[16] Univ Parma, Sci & Technol Environm & Resources, Parma, Italy

[17] Austrian Acad Sci, GLORIA Coordinat, Inst Interdisciplinary Mt Res, Silbergasse 30-3, A-1190 Vienna, Austria

[18] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna BOKU, Ctr Global Change & Sustainabil, Silbergasse 30-3, A-1190 Vienna, Austria

[19] Carabinieri, Biodivers & Pk Protect Dept, Rome, Italy

[20] Univ Pavia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Via Ferrata 1, I-27100 Pavia, Italy

[21] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Lake & Glacier Res Grp, Technikerstr 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

[22] Univ Parma, Dept Environm Sci, Parco Area Sci,33-A, I-43100 Parma, Italy

[23] Fdn JM Aubert, Ctr Alpien Phytogeog, CH-1938 Champex Lac, Switzerland

[24] Univ Geneva, Sect Biol, CH-1292 Chambesy, Switzerland

[25] Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Surface Dynam, Geopolis, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

[26] CNR ISAFOM, Ercolano, NA, Italy

来源：

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT | 2018年 / 624卷

关键词：

Long-term research; Climate change; Vascular plants; Freshwater; Soil; Snow cover; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY CHANGES; VASCULAR PLANTS; EUROPEAN ALPS; SNOW-COVER; SWISS ALPS; ALPINE; VEGETATION; CHEMISTRY;

D O I：

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.155

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Mountain ecosystems are sensitive and reliable indicators of climate change. Long-term studies may be extremely useful in assessing the responses of high-elevation ecosystems to climate change and other anthropogenic drivers from a broad ecological perspective. Mountain research sites within the LTER (Long-Term Ecological Research) network are representative of various types of ecosystems and span a wide bioclimatic and elevational range. Here, we present a synthesis and a review of the main results from ecological studies in mountain ecosystems at 20 LTER sites in Italy, Switzerland and Austria covering in most cases more than two decades of observations. We analyzed a set of key climate parameters, such as temperature and snow cover duration, in relation to vascular plant species composition, plant traits, abundance patterns, pedoclimate, nutrient dynamics in soils and water, phenology and composition of freshwater biota. The overall results highlight the rapid response of mountain ecosystems to climate change, with site-specific characteristics and rates. As temperatures increased, vegetation cover in alpine and subalpine summits increased as well. Years with limited snow cover duration caused an increase in soil temperature and microbial biomass during the growing season. Effects on freshwater ecosystems were also observed, in terms of increases in solutes, decreases in nitrates and changes in plankton phenology and benthos communities. This work highlights the importance of comparing and integrating long-term ecological data collected in different ecosystems for a more comprehensive overview of the ecological effects of climate change. Nevertheless, there is a need for (i) adopting co-located monitoring site networks to improve our ability to obtain sound results from cross-site analysis, (ii) carrying out further studies, in particular short-term analyses with fine spatial and temporal resolutions to improve our understanding of responses to extreme events, and (iii) increasing comparability and standardizing protocols across networks to distinguish local patterns from global patterns. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：1429 / 1442

页数：14

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