Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Postpartum Sexual Function

Objective The aim of the study is to evaluate the incidence of urinary incontinence (UI) and its impact on sexual function among women within 3 years of delivery. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 531 participants who gave birth by any method in the past 3 years. Participants were administered the Edinburgh Depression Screening Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 questionnaire, the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score questionnaire, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Sexual Function Questionnaire's Medical Impact Scale, and Decreased Sexual Desire Screener. The primary outcome of interest was the report of any sexual dysfunction and urinary symptoms. Results There were 531 total participants of 600 who completed the survey in its entirety. The mean age of the cohort was 29.6 +/- 7.1 years, the majority were non-Hispanic White (76.6%). It was found that 55% of the women (n = 292) reported postpartum UI (73% [n = 213] stress incontinence, 26.7% [n = 78] urgency incontinence, and 0.003% [n = 1] mixed incontinence). Sexual dysfunction was more likely to be reported in participants with UI compared with those without UI (34.2% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001). Urinary incontinence was found to be associated with any form of sexual dysfunction after adjustment for confounders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-2.14). Additional variables that were correlated with sexual dysfunction were perceived difficulty healing after any delivery injury (aOR, 4.79; 95% CI, 1.11-20.72), current breastfeeding (aOR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.26-8.59), and an increasing Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 score (aOR, 1.10 per 1-point increase; 95% CI, 1.05-1.15). Conclusion Urinary incontinence is independently associated with sexual dysfunction and should be systematically evaluated during postpartum care.