Genomic characterization of malonate positive Cronobacter sakazakii serotype O:2, sequence type 64 strains, isolated from clinical, food, and environment samples

被引：11

作者：

Gopinath, Gopal R. ^{[1
]}

Chase, Hannah R. ^{[1
]}

Gangiredla, Jayanthi ^{[1
]}

Eshwar, Athmanya ^{[2
]}

Jang, Hyein ^{[1
]}

Patel, Isha ^{[1
]}

Negrete, Flavia ^{[1
]}

Finkelstein, Samantha ^{[1
]}

Park, Eunbi ^{[1
]}

Chung, TaeJung ^{[1
]}

Yoo, YeonJoo ^{[1
]}

Woo, JungHa ^{[1
]}

Lee, YouYoung ^{[1
]}

Park, Jihyeon ^{[1
]}

Choi, Hyerim ^{[1
]}

Jeong, Seungeun ^{[1
]}

Jun, Soyoung ^{[1
]}

Kim, Mijeong ^{[1
]}

Lee, Chaeyoon ^{[1
]}

Jeong, HyeJin ^{[1
]}

Fanning, Seamus ^{[3
,4
]}

Stephan, Roger ^{[2
]}

Iversen, Carol ^{[2
,3
,4
]}

Reich, Felix ^{[5
]}

Klein, Gunter ^{[5
]}

Lehner, Angelika ^{[2
]}

Tall, Ben D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA

[2] Univ Zurich, Inst Food Safety & Hyg, Zurich, Switzerland

[3] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Publ Hlth Physiotherapy & Populat Sci, UCD Ctr Food Safety, Dublin 4, Ireland

[4] WHO Collaborating Ctr Cronobacter, Dublin 4, Ireland

[5] Univ Vet Med Hannover, Inst Food Qual & Safety, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany

来源：

GUT PATHOGENS | 2018年 / 10卷

关键词：

Malonate utilization in C. sakazakii; DNA microarray; Whole genome sequencing; Phylogenetic analysis; ENTEROBACTER-SAKAZAKII; INFANT FORMULA; GENUS; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTIONS; CONDIMENTI; MILK;

D O I：

10.1186/s13099-018-0238-9

中图分类号：

R57 [消化系及腹部疾病];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Background: Malonate utilization, an important differential trait, well recognized as being possessed by six of the seven Cronobacter species is thought to be largely absent in Cronobacter sakazakii (Csak). The current study provides experimental evidence that confirms the presence of a malonate utilization operon in 24 strains of sequence type (ST) 64, obtained from Europe, Middle East, China, and USA; it offers explanations regarding the genomic diversity and phylogenetic relatedness among these strains, and that of other C. sakazakii strains. Results: In this study, the presence of a malonate utilization operon in these strains was initially identified by DNA microarray analysis (MA) out of a pool of 347 strains obtained from various surveillance studies involving clinical, spices, milk powder sources and powdered infant formula production facilities in Ireland and Germany, and dried dairy powder manufacturing facilities in the USA. All ST64 C. sakazakii strains tested could utilize malonate. Zebrafish embryo infection studies showed that C. sakazakii ST64 strains are as virulent as other Cronobacter species. Parallel whole genome sequencing (WGS) and MA showed that the strains phylogenetically grouped as a separate clade among the Csak species cluster. Additionally, these strains possessed the Csak O:2 serotype. The nine-gene, similar to 7.7 kbp malonate utilization operon was located in these strains between two conserved flanking genes, gyrB and katG. Plasmidotyping results showed that these strains possessed the virulence plasmid pESA3, but in contrast to the USA ST64 Csak strains, ST64 Csak strains isolated from sources in Europe and the Middle East, did not possess the type six secretion system effector vgrG gene. Conclusions: Until this investigation, the presence of malonate-positive Csak strains, which are associated with foods and clinical cases, was under appreciated. If this trait was used solely to identify Cronobacter strains, many strains would likely be misidentified. Parallel WGS and MA were useful in characterizing the total genome content of these Csak O:2, ST64, malonate-positive strains and further provides an understanding of their phylogenetic relatedness among other virulent C. sakazakii strains.

引用

页数：22

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