Early Results from GLASS-JWST. VII. Evidence for Lensed, Gravitationally Bound Protoglobular Clusters at z=4 in the Hubble Frontier Field A2744*

被引：44

作者：

Vanzella, E. ^{[1
]}

Castellano, M. ^{[2
]}

Bergamini, P. ^{[1
,3
]}

Treu, T. ^{[4
]}

Mercurio, A. ^{[5
]}

Scarlata, C. ^{[6
]}

Rosati, P. ^{[1
,7
]}

Grillo, C. ^{[3
,8
]}

Acebron, A. ^{[3
,8
]}

Caminha, G. B. ^{[9
]}

Nonino, M. ^{[10
]}

Nanayakkara, T. ^{[11
,12
]}

Roberts-Borsani, G. ^{[4
]}

Bradac, M. ^{[13
,14
]}

Wang, X. ^{[15
]}

Brammer, G. ^{[16
,17
]}

Strait, V ^{[16
,17
]}

Vulcani, B. ^{[1
]}

Mestric, U. ^{[1
]}

Meneghetti, M. ^{[1
]}

Calura, F. ^{[1
]}

Henry, Alaina ^{[19
,20
]}

Zanella, A. ^{[18
]}

Trenti, M. ^{[12
,21
]}

Boyett, K. ^{[12
,21
]}

Morishita, T. ^{[15
]}

Calabro, A. ^{[2
]}

Glazebrook, K. ^{[11
]}

Marchesini, D. ^{[22
]}

Birrer, S. ^{[23
,24
,25
,26
]}

Yang, L. ^{[27
]}

Jones, T. ^{[14
]}

机构：

[1] INAF OAS, Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Via Gobetti 93-3, I-140129 Bologna, Italy

[2] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Rome, Italy

[3] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-120133 Milan, Italy

[4] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA

[5] INAF Osservatorio Astron Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, I-180131 Naples, Italy

[6] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[7] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Saragat 1, I-144122 Ferrara, Italy

[8] INAF IASF Milano, Via A Corti 12, I-120133 Milan, Italy

[9] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[10] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-134123 Trieste, Italy

[11] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, POB 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia

[12] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys 3 Dimens AST, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[13] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Math & Phys, Jadranska Ulica 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

[14] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys & Astron, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[15] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[16] Cosm Dawn Ctr DAWN, Copenhagen, Denmark

[17] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Jagtvej 128, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark

[18] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Vicolo Osservatorio 5, I-35122 Padua, Italy

[19] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[20] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA

[21] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia

[22] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 574 Boston Ave, Medford, MA 02155 USA

[23] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[24] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[25] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[26] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA

[27] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS | 2022年 / 940卷 / 02期

基金：

澳大利亚研究理事会;

关键词：

STAR-FORMING CLUMPS; GALAXIES; II; ABELL-2744; RESOLUTION; EVOLUTION;

D O I：

10.3847/2041-8213/ac8c2d

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We investigate the blue and optical rest-frame sizes (lambda similar or equal to 2300-4000 angstrom) of three compact star-forming regions in a galaxy at z = 4 strongly lensed (x30, x45, and x100) by the Hubble Frontier Field galaxy cluster A2744 using GLASS-ERS James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRISS imaging at 1.15 mu m, 1.50 mu m, and 2.0 mu m with a point-spread function less than or similar to 0.'' 1. In particular, the Balmer break is probed in detail for all multiply imaged sources of the system. With ages of a few tens of Myr, stellar masses in the range (0.7-4.0) x10(6) M (circle dot) and optical/ultraviolet effective radii spanning the interval 3 < R ( eff ) < 20 pc, such objects are currently the highest-redshift (spectroscopically confirmed) gravitationally bound young massive star clusters (YMCs), with stellar mass surface densities resembling those of local globular clusters. Optical (4000 angstrom, JWST-based) and ultraviolet (1600 angstrom, Hubble Space Telescope-based) sizes are fully compatible. The contribution to the ultraviolet underlying continuum emission (1600 angstrom) is similar to 30%, which decreases by a factor of 2 in the optical for two of the YMCs (similar to 4000 angstrom rest-frame), reflecting the young ages (<30 Myr) inferred from the spectral energy distribution fitting and supported by the presence of high-ionization lines secured with the Very Large Telescope/MUSE. Such bursty forming regions enhance the specific star formation rate of the galaxy, which is similar or equal to 10 Gyr(-1). This galaxy would be among the extreme analogs observed in the local universe having a high star formation rate surface density and a high occurrence of massive stellar clusters in formation.

引用

页数：8

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