[1] CEA, DEN, DMN, SRMA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[2] Univ Paris Est, Lab Navier, UMR 8205, CNRS,ENPC,IFSTTAR, F-77455 Marne La Vallee, France
[3] Mines ParisTech, Ctr Mat, CNRS, UMR 7633, F-91003 Evry, France
[4] Ecole Polytech, Solid Mech Lab, CNRS, UMR 7649, F-91128 Palaiseau, France