The self-assembly of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Hdcp), 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) and Nd(NO3)(3)center dot 6H(2)O under hydrothermal condition gave one new 1D neodymium coordination polymer, {[Nd(dcp)(3)(H2O)(2)]center dot 1.5bpy center dot 2H(2)O} (1) (dcp=2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetate, bpy=4,4'-bipyridine) which has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TGA, PXRD, UV-Vis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The dcp ligands linked the Nd(III) ions to form an infinite linear chain with a {Nd-2(dcp)(6)(H2O)(4)} repeat units. Neighboring chains are bridged into a layer structure through O-H center dot center dot center dot O and O-H center dot center dot center dot N hydrogen bonds involving the coordinated water molecules, free water molecules and free bpy ligands. The photoluminescence and lifetime of complex 1 in the solid state at room temperature have been studied. CCDC: 894242.