[1] Beijing Jiaotong Univ, Sch Civil Engn, Shangyuancun 3, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
[2] Minist Transport, Key Lab Safety & Risk Management Transport Infras, Beijing 100044, Peoples R China
[3] Highway Minist Transportat, Res Inst, West Tucheng Rd 8, Beijing 100088, Peoples R China
[4] Beijing Rd Engn Qual Supervis Stn, Panjiamiao 222, Beijing 100076, Peoples R China