The physics and the structure of the quasar-driven outflow in Mrk 231

被引:129
作者
Cicone, C. [1 ,2 ]
Feruglio, C. [3 ]
Maiolino, R. [1 ,2 ]
Fiore, F. [1 ]
Piconcelli, E. [1 ,4 ]
Menci, N. [1 ]
Aussel, H. [5 ]
Sturm, E. [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England
[2] INAF, OAR, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
[3] Inst Radio Astron Millimetr, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France
[4] ESA, XMM Newton Sci Operat Ctr, Madrid 28691, Spain
[5] CEA Saclay, Lab AIM, DSM Irfu Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France
[6] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85741 Garching, Germany
关键词
galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: individual: Mrk 231; quasars: general; radio lines: ISM; ISM: molecules; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR GAS; AGN FEEDBACK; OBSCURED QUASARS; GALAXY FORMATION; INFRARED GALAXY; GALACTIC NUCLEI; HERSCHEL-PACS; LOCAL ULIRGS;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201218793
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Massive AGN-driven outflows are invoked by AGN-galaxy co-evolutionary models to suppress both star formation and black hole accretion. Massive molecular outflows have been discovered in some AGN hosts. However, the physical properties and structures of these AGN-driven molecular outflows are still poorly constrained. Here we present new IRAM PdBI observations of Mrk 231, the closest quasar known, targeting both the CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) transitions. We detect broad wings in both transitions, which trace a massive molecular outflow moving with velocities of up to 800 km s(-1). The wings are spatially resolved at high significance levels (5-11 sigma), indicating that the molecular outflow extends to the kpc scale. The CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) ratio of the red broad wings is consistent with the ratio observed in the narrow core, while the blue broad wing is less excited than the core. The latter result suggests that quasar-driven outflow models invoking shocks (which would predict higher gas excitation) are inappropriate for describing the bulk of the outflow in Mrk 231. However, we note that within the central 700 pc the CO(2-1)/CO(1-0) ratio of the red wing is slightly, but significantly, higher than in the line core, suggesting that shocks may play a role in the central region. We also find that the average size of the outflow anticorrelates with the critical density of the transition used as a wind tracer. This indicates that, although diffuse and dense clumps coexist in the outflowing gas, dense outflowing clouds have shorter lifetimes and that they evaporate into the diffuse component along the outflow or, more simply, that diffuse clouds are more efficiently accelerated to larger distances by radiation pressure.
引用
收藏
页数:7
相关论文
共 49 条
[1]   Detection of HCN, HCO+, and HNC in the Mrk 231 molecular outflow Dense molecular gas in the AGN wind [J].
Aalto, S. ;
Garcia-Burillo, S. ;
Muller, S. ;
Winters, J. M. ;
van der Werf, P. ;
Henkel, C. ;
Costagliola, F. ;
Neri, R. .
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2012, 537
[2]   DISCOVERY OF AN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS DRIVEN MOLECULAR OUTFLOW IN THE LOCAL EARLY-TYPE GALAXY NGC 1266 [J].
Alatalo, K. ;
Blitz, L. ;
Young, L. M. ;
Davis, T. A. ;
Bureau, M. ;
Lopez, L. A. ;
Cappellari, M. ;
Scott, N. ;
Shapiro, K. L. ;
Crocker, A. F. ;
Martin, S. ;
Bois, M. ;
Bournaud, F. ;
Davies, R. L. ;
de Zeeuw, P. T. ;
Duc, P. -A. ;
Emsellem, E. ;
Falcon-Barroso, J. ;
Khochfar, S. ;
Krajnovic, D. ;
Kuntschner, H. ;
Lablanche, P. -Y. ;
McDermid, R. M. ;
Morganti, R. ;
Naab, T. ;
Oosterloo, T. ;
Sarzi, M. ;
Serra, P. ;
Weijmans, A. .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2011, 735 (02)
[3]   Searching for evidence of energetic feedback in distant galaxies: a galaxy wide outflow in a z ≈ 2 ultraluminous infrared galaxy [J].
Alexander, D. M. ;
Swinbank, A. M. ;
Smail, Ian ;
McDermid, R. ;
Nesvadba, N. P. H. .
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2010, 402 (04) :2211-2220
[4]  
Baldry IK, 2004, AIP CONF PROC, V743, P106
[5]   THE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF IR-SELECTED AND MG-II BROAD ABSORPTION-LINE QUASARS [J].
BOROSON, TA ;
MEYERS, KA .
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1992, 397 (02) :442-451
[6]   The XMM-Newton and BeppoSAX view of the Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxy MKN 231 [J].
Braito, V ;
Della Ceca, R ;
Piconcelli, E ;
Severgnini, P ;
Bassani, L ;
Cappi, M ;
Franceschini, A ;
Iwasawa, K ;
Malaguti, G ;
Marziani, P ;
Palumbo, GGC ;
Persic, M ;
Risaliti, G ;
Salvati, M .
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2004, 420 (01) :79-88
[7]   Observational evidence of quasar feedback quenching star formation at high redshift [J].
Cano-Diaz, M. ;
Maiolino, R. ;
Marconi, A. ;
Netzer, H. ;
Shemmer, O. ;
Cresci, G. .
ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2012, 537
[8]  
Castro-Carrizo A., 2010, IRAM PLATEAU BURE IN
[9]   The role of black holes in galaxy formation and evolution [J].
Cattaneo, A. ;
Faber, S. M. ;
Binney, J. ;
Dekel, A. ;
Kormendy, J. ;
Mushotzky, R. ;
Babul, A. ;
Best, P. N. ;
Brueggen, M. ;
Fabian, A. C. ;
Frenk, C. S. ;
Khalatyan, A. ;
Netzer, H. ;
Mahdavi, A. ;
Silk, J. ;
Steinmetz, M. ;
Wisotzki, L. .
NATURE, 2009, 460 (7252) :213-219
[10]   The many lives of active galactic nuclei: cooling flows, black holes and the luminosities and colours of galaxies [J].
Croton, DJ ;
Springel, V ;
White, SDM ;
De Lucia, G ;
Frenk, CS ;
Gao, L ;
Jenkins, A ;
Kauffmann, G ;
Navarro, JF ;
Yoshida, N .
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2006, 365 (01) :11-28