Attentional Biases and Trauma Status: Do Psychotic-Like Experiences Matter?

Objective: In a large undergraduate sample, we explored whether attentional biases were similar between individuals reporting positive psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) with a history of traumatic life events (TLEs) compared with individuals with a TLE history alone. Method: Participants completed the Emotional Stroop Task, and self-report questionnaires of TLEs and PLEs. Results: Although reaction time (RT) to physical, sexual, emotional, and overall trauma words was associated with TLEs, only RT to physical abuse and overall trauma words remained significantly associated with TLE status after controlling for age. race, and neutral word RT. Contrary to our hypotheses, PLEs were not associated with RT to TLE words and there were no significant interactions between TLE history and PLEs on RT to TLE-salient stimuli. Conclusion: Findings suggest that psychosis risk alone does not appear to exacerbate attentional biases and that TLE history may exert similar influence on attention regardless of psychosis risk. In conclusion, phenotypes associated with TLEs may be similar in populations potentially at risk for psychosis.