Quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism and critical dynamics on a programmable Rydberg simulator

被引:411
作者
Keesling, Alexander [1 ]
Omran, Ahmed [1 ]
Levine, Harry [1 ]
Bernien, Hannes [1 ]
Pichler, Hannes [1 ,2 ]
Choi, Soonwon [1 ]
Samajdar, Rhine [1 ]
Schwartz, Sylvain [3 ]
Silvi, Pietro [4 ,5 ]
Sachdev, Subir [1 ]
Zoller, Peter [4 ,5 ]
Endres, Manuel [6 ]
Greiner, Markus [1 ]
Vuletic, Vladan [7 ,8 ]
Lukin, Mikhail D. [1 ]
机构
[1] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[2] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
[3] Sorbonne Univ, Coll France, CNRS, Lab Kastler Brossel,ENS, Paris, France
[4] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, Innsbruck, Austria
[5] Univ Innsbruck, Ctr Quantum Phys, Innsbruck, Austria
[6] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[7] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
[8] MIT, Res Lab Elect, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
MATRIX RENORMALIZATION-GROUP; TRANSITION; SYMMETRY; LATTICE; MODEL; ATOM;
D O I
10.1038/s41586-019-1070-1
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Quantum phase transitions (QPTs) involve transformations between different states of matter that are driven by quantum fluctuations(1). These fluctuations play a dominant part in the quantum critical region surrounding the transition point, where the dynamics is governed by the universal properties associated with the QPT. Although time-dependent phenomena associated with classical, thermally driven phase transitions have been extensively studied in systems ranging from the early Universe to Bose-Einstein condensates(2-5), understanding critical real-time dynamics in isolated, non-equilibrium quantum systems remains a challenge(6). Here we use a Rydberg atom quantum simulator with programmable interactions to study the quantum critical dynamics associated with several distinct QPTs. By studying the growth of spatial correlations when crossing the QPT, we experimentally verify the quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism (QKZM)(7-9) for an Ising-type QPT, explore scaling universality and observe corrections beyond QKZM predictions. This approach is subsequently used to measure the critical exponents associated with chiral clock models(10,11), providing new insights into exotic systems that were not previously understood and opening the door to precision studies of critical phenomena, simulations of lattice gauge theories(12,13) and applications to quantum optimization(14,15).
引用
收藏
页码:207 / +
页数:16
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