Burden of 30-Day Readmissions After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in 833,344 Patients in the United States: Predictors, Causes, and Cost Insights From the Nationwide Readmission Database

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine the 30-day unplanned readmissions rate, predictors of readmission, causes of readmissions, and clinical impact of readmissions after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND Unplanned rehospitalizations following PCI carry significant burden to both patients and the local health care economy and are increasingly considered as an indicator of quality of care. METHODS Patients undergoing PCI between 2013 and 2014 in the U.S. Nationwide Readmission Database were included. Incidence, predictors, causes, and cost of 30-day unplanned readmissions were determined. RESULTS A total of 833,344 patients with PCI were included, of whom 77,982 (9.3%) had an unplanned readmission within 30 days. Length of stay for the index PCI was greater (4.7 vs. 3.9 days) and mean total hospital cost ($23,211 vs. $37,524) was higher for patients who were readmitted compared with those not readmitted. The factors strongly independently associated with readmissions were index hospitalization discharge against medical advice (odds ratio [OR]: 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.65 to 2.22), transfer to short-term hospital for inpatient care (OR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.38 to 1.90), discharge to carehome (OR: 1.57; 95% CI: 1.51 to 1.64), and chronic kidney disease (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.44 to 1.55). Charlson Comorbidity Index score (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.29) and number of comorbidities (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.18) were independently associated with unplanned readmission. The majority of readmissions were due to noncardiac causes (56.1%). CONCLUSIONS Thirty-day readmissions after PCI are relatively common and relate to baseline comorbidities and place of discharge. More than one-half of the readmissions were due to noncardiac causes. (c) 2018 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.