Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Concentration of Apelin, TNFα and Insulin in Obese Women

Objective(s) Apelin is novel adipokine acting on APJ receptor, regulated by insulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Plasma apelin levels are increased in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate whether or not the aerobic exercise modifies the elevated plasma apelin levels in obese women. Materials and Methods Twenty obese women (BMI 32.2 +/- 6.4 kg/m(2)) were selected by random sampling method among obese women. Twelve healthy women with a BMI of 31.7 +/- 0.6 kg/m(2) served as control group. The aerobic exercise was performed during 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The intensity of the training program proceeded form 50% to 70% in 8 weeks. Results Results showed that plasma levels of apelin and TNF alpha were higher in obese individuals compared with the control group. The exercise resulted in significant decrease (P<0.05) of BMI to 29.8 +/- 6.3 kg/m(2), plasma insulin (8.16 +/- 0.73 to 6.58 +/- 0.66 mu mol/l), apelin (369 +/- 25 pg/ml vs 257 +/- 12 pg/ml) and TNF alpha levels (0.66 +/- 0.04 pg/ml vs 0.56 +/- 0.04 pg/ml). P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Conclusion Exercise can decrease plasma apelin, insulin and TNF alpha levels in obese women. Regular physical activity causes a decrease in plasma levels of apelin if body mass index and body fat mass simultaneously decreased.