The biology of glucagon and the consequences of hyperglucagonemia

被引：97

作者：

Albrechtsen, Nicolai J. Wewer ^{[1
,2
]}

Kuhre, Rune E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Pedersen, Jens ^{[1
,2
]}

Knop, Filip K. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Holst, Jens J. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Dept Biomed Sci, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark

[2] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth & Med Sci, Novo Nordisk Fdn, Ctr Basic Metab Res, DK-1168 Copenhagen, Denmark

[3] Univ Copenhagen, Gentofte Hosp, Ctr Diabet Res, Hellerup, Denmark

来源：

BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE | 2016年 / 10卷 / 11期

关键词：

diabetes; glucagon; hyperglucagonemia; proglucagon; GASTRIC-INHIBITORY POLYPEPTIDE; ALPHA-CELL HYPERPLASIA; INTRAVENOUS GLUCOSE; INSULIN-SECRETION; FASTING HYPERGLUCAGONEMIA; ADENYLYL-CYCLASE; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; GLP-1; RECEPTOR; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; AMINO-ACID;

D O I：

10.2217/bmm-2016-0090

中图分类号：

R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];

学科分类号：

1001 ;

摘要：

The proglucagon-derived peptide hormone, glucagon, comprises 29 amino acids. Its secretion from the pancreatic a cells is regulated by several factors. Glucagon increases blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis. Elevated plasma concentrations of glucagon, hyperglucagonemia, may contribute to diabetes. However, hyperglucagonemia is also observed in other clinical conditions than diabetes, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, glucagon-producing tumors and after gastric bypass surgery. Here, we review the current literature on hyperglucagonemia in disease with a particular focus on diabetes, and finally speculate that the primary physiological importance of glucagon may not reside in glucose homeostasis but in regulation of amino acid metabolism exerted via a hitherto unrecognized hepatopancreatic feedback loop.

引用

页码：1141 / 1151

页数：11

共 93 条

[1] Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is associated with reduced insulin-induced suppression of glucagon concentrations [J].