Green synthesis of anisotropic silver nanoparticles from the aqueous leaf extract of Dodonaea viscosa with their antibacterial and anticancer activities

Distinct morphological silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Dodonaea viscosa leaves, extracted using different polar and non-polar solvents. Petroleum ether, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile and water were used for the extraction of active ingredients from the leaves of Dodonaea viscosa which attributed to obtaining nanoparticles with different physical, chemical, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, HR-SEM with EDX and HR-TEM with SAED patterns. The XRD, HR-SEM and HR-TEM results reveal different nano sizes (15, 18, 12 and 20 nm) with different surface morphology (worm-like, irregular flower, spherical and dendritic structures) of the nanoparticles prepared using different solvent extracts (methanol, acetone, acetonitrile and water). The antibacterial results show significant zone of inhibition (20, 16, 13, 18 mm) against the test bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes for AgNPs synthesized by methanol, acetone, acetonitrile and water extracts, respectively. The cytotoxicity of synthesized silver nanoparticles in A549 NSCLC cells using the MTT assay were found to be 14, 3, 80, and 4 mu g/mL for AgNPs synthesized using leaf extracts obtained from methanol, acetone, acetonitrile and water, respectively. The results revealed that the synthesized AgNPs were effective in inhibiting the growth of A549 NSCLC cells.