Outbreak of Oleander (Nerium oleander) Poisoning in Dairy Cattle: Clinical and Food Safety Implications

被引:21
作者
Ceci, Luigi [1 ]
Girolami, Flavia [2 ]
Capucchio, Maria Teresa [2 ]
Colombino, Elena [2 ]
Nebbia, Carlo [2 ]
Gosetti, Fabio [3 ]
Marengo, Emilio [4 ]
Iarussi, Fabrizio [5 ]
Carelli, Grazia [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bari, Dept Vet Med, I-70121 Bari, Italy
[2] Univ Torino, Dept Vet Sci, I-10124 Turin, Italy
[3] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, I-20126 Milan, Italy
[4] Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dept Sci & Technol Innovat, I-13100 Vercelli, Italy
[5] Univ Bari, Dept Emergency & Organ Transplantat, I-70124 Bari, Italy
关键词
bovine; toxicosis; dairy products; public health; risk; TOXICOSIS; TOXICITY; DIAGNOSIS; TISSUES; GOATS;
D O I
10.3390/toxins12080471
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Oleander is a spontaneous shrub widely occurring in Mediterranean regions. Poisoning is sporadically reported in livestock, mainly due to the ingestion of leaves containing toxic cardiac glycosides (primarily oleandrin). In this study, 50 lactating Fleckvieh cows were affected after being offered a diet containing dry oleander pruning wastes accidentally mixed with fodder. Clinical examination, electrocardiogram, and blood sampling were conducted. Dead animals were necropsied, and heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and intestine were submitted to histological investigation. Oleandrin detection was performed through ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in blood, serum, liver, heart, milk, and cheese samples. Severe depression, anorexia, ruminal atony, diarrhea, serous nasal discharge, tachycardia, and irregular heartbeat were the most common clinical signs. The first animal died within 48 h, and a total of 13 cows died in 4 days. Disseminated hyperemia and hemorrhages, multifocal coagulative necrosis of the cardiac muscle fibers, and severe and diffuse enteritis were suggestive of oleander poisoning. The diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of oleandrin in serum, liver, heart, milk, and cheese. Our results confirm the high toxicity of oleander in cattle and report for the first time the transfer into milk and dairy products, suggesting a potential risk for the consumers.
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页数:11
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