How many bird and mammal extinctions has recent conservation action prevented?

被引：151

作者：

Bolam, Friederike C. ^{[1
]}

Mair, Louise ^{[1
]}

Angelico, Marco ^{[2
]}

Brooks, Thomas M. ^{[3
,4
,5
]}

Burgman, Mark ^{[6
]}

Hermes, Claudia ^{[7
]}

Hoffmann, Michael ^{[8
]}

Martin, Rob W. ^{[7
]}

McGowan, Philip J. K. ^{[1
]}

Rodrigues, Ana S. L. ^{[9
]}

Rondinini, Carlo ^{[2
]}

Westrip, James R. S. ^{[10
]}

Wheatley, Hannah ^{[7
]}

Bedolla-Guzman, Yuliana ^{[11
]}

Calzada, Javier ^{[12
]}

Child, Matthew F. ^{[13
,14
]}

Cranswick, Peter A. ^{[15
]}

Dickman, Christopher R. ^{[16
,17
]}

Fessl, Birgit ^{[18
]}

Fisher, Diana O. ^{[19
]}

Garnett, Stephen T. ^{[17
,20
]}

Groombridge, Jim J. ^{[21
]}

Johnson, Christopher N. ^{[22
,23
]}

Kennerley, Rosalind J. ^{[24
]}

King, Sarah R. B. ^{[25
]}

Lamoreux, John F.

Lees, Alexander C. ^{[26
,27
]}

Lens, Luc ^{[28
]}

Mahood, Simon P. ^{[20
,29
]}

Mallon, David P. ^{[26
,30
]}

Meijaard, Erik ^{[21
,31
]}

Mendez-Sanchez, Federico ^{[11
,32
]}

Percequillo, Alexandre Reis ^{[33
]}

Regan, Tracey J. ^{[34
,35
]}

Renjifo, Luis Miguel ^{[36
]}

Rivers, Malin C. ^{[37
]}

Roach, Nicolette S. ^{[38
,39
]}

Roxburgh, Lizanne ^{[40
]}

Safford, Roger J. ^{[7
]}

Salaman, Paul ^{[41
]}

Squires, Tom ^{[26
]}

Vazquez-Dominguez, Ella ^{[42
]}

Visconti, Piero ^{[43
,44
]}

Woinarski, John C. Z. ^{[17
,20
]}

Young, Richard P. ^{[24
]}

Butchart, Stuart H. M. ^{[7
,45
]}

机构：

[1] Newcastle Univ, Sch Nat & Environm Sci, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England

[2] Sapienza Univ Rome, Dept Biol & Biotechnol, Global Mammal Assessment Program, Rome, Italy

[3] IUCN, Gland, Switzerland

[4] Univ Philippines Banos, World Agroforestry Ctr ICRAF, Laguna, Philippines

[5] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[6] Imperial Coll London, London, England

[7] BirdLife Int, Cambridge, England

[8] Zool Soc London, London, England

[9] Univ Paul Valery Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, CEFE,EPHE,IRD, Montpellier, France

[10] IUCN Int Union Conservat Nat, Global Species Programme, Cambridge, England

[11] Grp Ecol & Conservac Islas AC, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico

[12] Univ Huelva, Dept Integrated Sci, Huelva, Spain

[13] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, Pretoria, South Africa

[14] Univ Pretoria, Mammal Res Inst, Pretoria, South Africa

[15] Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, Slimbridge, Glos, England

[16] Univ Sydney, Sch Life & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

[17] Natl Environm Sci Program, Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[18] Charles Darwin Fdn, Charles Darwin Res Stn, Galapagos, Ecuador

[19] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[20] Charles Darwin Univ, Res Inst Environm & Livelihoods, Casuarina, Australia

[21] Univ Kent, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, Canterbury, Kent, England

[22] Univ Tasmania, Sch Nat Sci, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[23] Univ Tasmania, ARC Ctr Australian Biodivers & Heritage, Hobart, Tas, Australia

[24] Durrell Wildlife Conservat Trust, Channel Isl, England

[25] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA

[26] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England

[27] Cornell Univ, Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY USA

[28] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Terr Ecol Unit, Ghent, Belgium

[29] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

[30] IUCN Species Survival Commiss, Gland, Switzerland

[31] Borneo Futures, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei

[32] Ctr Invest Biol Noroeste SC, La Paz, Baja California, Mexico

[33] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agricultura Luiz Queiroz, Sao Paulo, Brazil

[34] Arthur Rylah Inst Environm Res, Dept Environm Land Water & Planning, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia

[35] Univ Melbourne, Sch BioSci, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[36] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Dept Ecol & Terr, Bogota, Colombia

[37] Bot Gardens Conservat Int, Richmond, Surrey, England

[38] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[39] Global Wildlife Conservat, Austin, TX USA

[40] Endangered Wildlife Trust, Johannesburg, South Africa

[41] Rasmussen Family Fdn, Santa Clara, UT USA

[42] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Dept Ecol Biodivers, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

[43] Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Laxenburg, Austria

[44] UCL, Ctr Biodivers & Environm Res, London, England

[45] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England

来源：

CONSERVATION LETTERS | 2021年 / 14卷 / 01期

关键词：

Aichi biodiversity target 12; Convention on Biological Diversity; Delphi method; extinction risk; species conservation; IUCN Red List; IMPACT;

D O I：

10.1111/conl.12762

中图分类号：

X176 [生物多样性保护];

学科分类号：

090705 ;

摘要：

Aichi Target 12 of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) contains the aim to 'prevent extinctions of known threatened species'. To measure the degree to which this was achieved, we used expert elicitation to estimate the number of bird and mammal species whose extinctions were prevented by conservation action in 1993-2020 (the lifetime of the CBD) and 2010-2020 (the timing of Aichi Target 12). We found that conservation action prevented 21-32 bird and 7-16 mammal extinctions since 1993, and 9-18 bird and two to seven mammal extinctions since 2010. Many remain highly threatened and may still become extinct. Considering that 10 bird and five mammal species did go extinct (or are strongly suspected to) since 1993, extinction rates would have been 2.9-4.2 times greater without conservation action. While policy commitments have fostered significant conservation achievements, future biodiversity action needs to be scaled up to avert additional extinctions.

引用

页数：11

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