Infective Endocarditis as a Complication of Crohn's Disease on Immunotherapy

A patient with a history of Crohn???s disease on infliximab presented to the hospital with sepsis and a new heart murmur. He was found to have native aortic valve infective endocarditis from a rare species of group D Streptococcus in his blood. The patient was also noted to be in an acute flare of Crohn???s disease. The hospital course was complicated by florid heart failure from acute aortic insufficiency. He eventually improved after source control and appropriate antibiotic therapy. S. pasteuranis bacteremia and endocarditis are attributable to the patient???s immunocompromised state as a result of infliximab treatment. While S. pasteuranis is infrequently grown in blood cultures, it is commonly found in normal gut flora. We hypothesize that it gained access to the bloodstream through the epithelium in the terminal ileum, which was inflamed due to an acute flare of Crohn???s disease.