Growing season N2O emissions from two-year potato rotations in a humid environment in New Brunswick, Canada

被引:0
作者
Snowdon, Emily [1 ,2 ]
Zebarth, Bernie J. [1 ]
Burton, David L. [2 ]
Goyer, Claudia [1 ]
Rochette, Philippe [3 ]
机构
[1] Agr Agri Food Canada, Potato Res Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada
[2] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
[3] Agr Agri Food Canada, Soils & Crops Res & Dev Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada
关键词
Red clover; Italian ryegrass; soybean; barley; canola; corn; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; DENITRIFIER COMMUNITY ABUNDANCE; IRRIGATED CROPPING SYSTEMS; FERTILIZER NITROGEN; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SOIL; MANAGEMENT; CORN; TILLAGE; NITRATE;
D O I
10.4141/CJSS2012-115
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Few studies have examined the effects of crop rotation on N2O emissions. This study quantified N2O emissions from seven 2-yr potato rotations over a 3-yr period, 2008-2010, where the potato phase was present in 2008 and 2010. In addition, the potential to predict variation in cumulative growing season N2O emissions was examined using indices of nitrate availability [nitrate exposure (NE), a time integrated measure of soil nitrate concentrations in the surface soil], carbon availability (cumulative growing season CO2 emissions) and aeration [time-weighted average water-filled pore space (WFPS)]. In the potato phase of the rotations, even for treatments receiving the same fertilizer N rate (193 kg N ha(-1)), a wide range in cumulative growing season N2O emissions was measured in both 2008 and 2010 (0.39-1.49 and 0.81-2.03 kg N ha(-1), respectively). The NE explained 52 and 70% of the variation in growing season N2O emissions under potato production in 2008 and 2010, respectively. Carbon availability also had a significant effect on N2O emissions, as indicated by increased N2O emissions in rotations where residues of the preceding crop resulted in increased CO2 emissions early in the growing season. A large proportion (67%) of the variation in cumulative N2O emissions among rotation crops was also explained by NE. Choice of rotation crop resulted in an almost twofold difference (0.9-1.7 kg N ha(-1)) in N2O emissions over the 2-yr rotation cycle. Greater N2O emissions over the 2-yr rotation cycle were measured for rotation crops of soybean, Italian ryegrass, red clover and potato than for rotation crops of corn, canola and barley. However, the fertilizer N management in both the potato and rotation crop phases may be as or more important than the choice of rotation crop in influencing the risk of N2O emissions.
引用
收藏
页码:279 / 294
页数:16
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