Ground states of nonlinear Schrodinger systems with saturable nonlinearity in R2 for two counterpropagating beams

Counterpropagating optical beams in nonlinear media give rise to a host of interesting nonlinear phenomena such as the formation of spatial solitons, spatiotemporal instabilities, self-focusing and self-trapping, etc. Here we study the existence of ground state (the energy minimizer under the L-2-normalization condition) in two-dimensional (2D) nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) systems with saturable nonlinearity, which describes paraxial counterpropagating beams in isotropic local media. The nonlinear coefficient of saturable nonlinearity exhibits a threshold which is crucial in determining whether the ground state exists. The threshold can be estimated by the Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality and the ground state existence can be proved by the energy method, but not the concentration-compactness method. Our results also show the essential difference between 2D NLS equations with cubic and saturable nonlinearities. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.