A comprehensive survey on handover management for vehicular ad hoc network based on 5G mobile networks technology

Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a style of high-mobility mobile ad hoc network where the mobile nodes are vehicles traveling across a road or a street. VANET was proposed to provide safety, comfortability, reliability, and security of vehicles driving. One of the serious challenges is handover (HO) problem that occurs when a vehicle moves from one network area covered by a roadside unit (RSU) to another network area covered by a different RSU. The fast mobility of vehicles and the limited coverage area of the RSU (without overlapping signals) should be considered in providing a seamless HO. This paper presents a comprehensive survey on HO management for VANET based on the new features of fifth-generation (5G) mobile network technologies. The 5G mobile network technology provides enhanced characteristics that will fit the requirements of real-time video streaming and assist to design an effective solution for the HO problem. In addition, this paper presents the reasons for HO failures and the limitations of available HO failure solutions. Furthermore, it highlights the potential proposed solutions that will tackle the HO failures. This survey will open up the gate of developing an optimal solution based on 5G for HO problem on VANET that might be used in vehicles manufacturing.