Objective To assess the efficacy of a vacuum device as a noninvasive method for penile elongation. Patients and Methods Between September 2003 and November 2004, 37 sexually active men with a stretched penis length of < 10 cm were given vacuum treatment three times a week, for 20 min on each occasion, for 6 months. Results After 6 months, the mean penile length had increased from 7.6 cm to 7.9 cm (no significant difference). The efficacy of vacuum treatment was approximate to 10%, and the patient satisfaction rate was 30%. There was one case of haematoma of the penis and one of glans numbness, both resolved spontaneously without any intervention. Conclusion Vacuum treatment of the penis is not an effective method for penile elongation, but provides psychological satisfaction for some men.