A survey on traffic optimization problem using biologically inspired techniques

Nature is a great source of inspirations for solving complex computational problems. The inspirations can come from any source like some theory of physics or chemistry, a mathematical concept or from the biological world. Several biologically inspired techniques are implemented in various areas of research and development. These technologies can be grouped into two broad segments: Evolutionary and Swarm based depending on the nature of inspiration. This paper presents an overview of these biologically inspired techniques and its various implementations for traffic optimization with an objective to optimize congestion, minimize wait time, improve safety and reduce pollution.